Welding cable



J. S. WREFORD WELDING CABLE June 7, 1960 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed May 7. 1958 INVENTOR. J03? \5' MeforZ FNEU'S June 7, 1960 J. s. WREFORD WELDING CABLE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 7, 1958 I N VEN TOR "4%:70 7';

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United States Patent WELDING CABLE Ffled May 7, 1958, Ser. No. 733,549 12 Claims. (Cl. 174-15) This invention relates to welding and, in particular, to welding cables, and the present application is a continuation-in-part of my previously filed copending application Serial No. 319,853, filed November 12, 1952, now abandoned.

One object of this invention is to provide a welding cable wherein the subconductors, of which each of the two conductors of the cable is composed, are protected from fraying and excessive breakage of strands arising from rubbing lengthwise between the subconductors as the conductors flex during use, either by reason of electromagneticaction resulting from the passage of welding current, or from mechanical fiexion resulting from bending the cable during work.

Another object is to provide a welding cable of the foregoing character wherein one or more of the subcon ductors is sheathed in an abrasion-resistant friction-reducing sheath, sleeve or jacket of any suitable material having low frictional characteristics such as nylon or other synthetic plastic or rubber at least in the vicinity of the cable heads, where such fraying and strand breakage ordinarily becomes excessive.

Another object is to provide a welding cable of the foregoing character wherein a sheath, sleeve or jacket of rubber or other durable abrasion-resistant friction-reducing material is provided over one or more of the subconductors preferably for its entire length, this sleeve being perforated or of a loose mesh weave so as to permit the free passage of cooling water into and out of the subconductor while preventing direct sliding contact between the adjacent subconductors and consequently greatly reducing the fraying or breakage of wire strands previously resulting from such direct contact.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be come apparent during the course of the following description of the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevational view of the welding cable of this invention with some parts broken away and other parts shown in section for the purpose of clarity;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line 2 -2 of Fig. 1; I

Fig. 3 is a cross section similar to Fig. 2, but showing a modification in which all three subconductors of each main conductor are sheathed;

Fig. 4 is a cross section through a welding cable employing the central sheathing of Fig. 2, but using a tubular separator between the main conductors of the welding cable;

Fig. 5 is a cross section similar to Fig. 4, through a welding cable employing sheathing on all three subconductors as in Fig. 3 but using a tubular separator between the main conductors of the welding cable;

Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are cross sections similar to Figs. 2 to 5 inclusive but showing further modifications; and

' ig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing another modification.

Welding cables, which are widely used in industry to connect and carry current from welding transformers to so-called welding guns employed to make spot welds on work which is too large to be carried to a welding machine, are ordinarily constructed of fine strands of copper wire twisted into small units which in turn are laid up into subconductors and several of these subconductors placed together within a tubular rubber hose in two groups or main conductors separated from one another by a rubber separator running substantially the entire length of the cable. Water is caused to flow through the hose on both sides of the separator in order to cool the conductors so as to take away the high heat generated by the passage of the welding current during welding op erations. The cooling water, however, if reasonably free from contamination by salts or other minerals, does not short-circuit the conductors of the welding cable, as at first glance might be thought, even though the separator may not be tight and the water flowing to and from the spaces on opposite sides of the separator may also be mingled, because the welding current is of a very low voltage but very high amperage in comparison with the ordinary volt house lighting current. Welding current is almost always less than 20 volts in potential, two to six volts being common at the point of weld, yet the amperage usually rises above 10,000 amperes and sometimes up to 50,000 amperes, in contrast to the low amperage of house lighting current, as indicated by the 15 ampere and 30 ampere fuses most usually used to protect such circuits.

Hitherto, when welding cables of the foregoing character have been used on locations such as automobile or railway vehicle assembly lines, the constant moving of the welding gun from one part to another of the body being fabricated by spot welding causes the conductors of the welding cable to be flexed as the cable is bent, while the subconductors of each main conductor move lengthwise relatively to one another in sliding contact with one another. This rubbing between the subconductors causes wear and breakage of the tiny strands of copper wire of which these subconductors are made up, and the tiny splinters resulting from such strand breakages make their way into the cooling passages for the fiow of cooling water through the cable heads, clogging the passages and causing the cable to overheat and burn up as a result of the cutting off of the flow of the indispensable cooling water.

Moreover, the subconductors also fiex longitudinally relatively to one another as a result of electromagnetic action occurring whenever the welding circuit is closed at the welding gun in making a weld. When this is done, the subconductors tend to pull themselves together as a result of the magnetic field created around them when the current flows through the welding cable in making a weld. When the weld is completed and the current is turned ofi, the magnetic field disappears and the subconductors relax. As a consequence, every time the weld is made, the subconductors slide lengthwise relatively to one another and the friction and abrasion between them contribute greatly to the strand breakage and splintering'.

The present invention greatly reduces such strand breakage and consequent clogging of the cooling water passages by encasing one or more of the subconductors of each main conductor in a sheath or jacket of abrasionresistant material such as plastic or rubber which is perforated so as to enable the cooling water to pass freely inwardly and outwardly therethrough. When a rubber material is utilized, a rubber having a hard glossy characteristic is used so that there is very little friction developed between a rubber sleeve and an adjacent rubber sleeve or metal subconductor. The presence of the cooling fluid, of course, further reduces the friction between contacting members. The welding operations by reason of the electromagnetic action mentioned above, cause the subconductors also encased in jackets or sheaths of rubber or equivalentflexible;abrasion-resistant material, lfig. "3 emp yin .a i a in Strip separ 1 e w e :Kth

,main conductors. A sheathing material of nylon or "fiber glass, whichis foraminousand/or loosely woven so fastolhave a V multiplicity of'f holes or perforations thereth y al b t tact ri y used, a shcw in T a-""9, w re va Woven hs th ns i mp yed, des snate d T2611.

"The use of these brasio n-resistant sheaths or jackets around'the subconductors places alayer of abrasionresistant material between the subconductors at the points where they rub, reducing thej friction between them enablingJfree sliding contact and consequently reducing strand breakage and clogging of the water cooling system,

as well as reducing thepossibility of short-circuiting of the cable resulting from strands of the subconductors working their way past the edges ofthe strip separator of Fig. 2 or 3 intocontact withone of thesubconductors .o t ppos t m i r qndu Referring to the'drawings in detaihj Figs. 1 andiz, S ow a 1d n 1 .th i vemi n, erallyd s gna e m as consisting of a tubular hose or casingll containing an elongated separator j 12 disposed loosely therein andexsend n d me r ally acr s th i e m n ca i b r 115 and likewise extending substantially from end to end of thecasingill. Theeasing or hose 11 and theseparatrj1 2 are preferably gf elastic deformable material such as rubber, synthetic rubber pr the like. Theseparator .12 serves tokeep apart and insulate fromone another the two main conductors 14 and 15 of the welding cable 16, whi'chare disposed loosely ,within thecasingll.

The main conductorf14 consists of a central subconductor 16 and lateral or side conductors18 andl 2;0, whereas the opposite rn n conductor 15 consists of a .ss ralsubco du o a dla era ors o o sfi and 21. The lateral suhconductor's are spaced apart tiivmsna a t y ater oo gs n 2 and.

t ese prleferab yth insi rfo m fabmn HP g to enable thecooling water topass into andout of the conduit between the convolutions thereof while giving the utmost fle ribilityto the ,conduitand ,also straining ,out splinters of strands ofwire-which may become broken p iir mth ubwndust d n p a o Each of thesubconductors is madeup of very small unit conductors 25nwhich in turnare made up of tiny ,strands ofhcopper wirewound or twisted togetherinlsuch .Many of these units are twistedto getherto forrn one of thesubconductors 16 to 2 1 inclusiyeas shown at the left-handend of Fig. 1.

t In order, to, reduce friction and abrasion vbetweenthe .subconductors, 16, 18 and 20 or 17, :19 and 21; r atleast one oflthese, subconductors, such as the central subcon tdu o tl 9:1 1 zF g-r as= .-ma ssnd to m A st oos y encased-,1inn-perforated. h z r i cketfl ggfaabrasion-resistant rnaterial, such as; rubber. Theuse aofrrubber, or in the-alternative;plastic in the positions shown, ins-"Fig. 2 permits flexion and relative longitudinal sliding between the subconductorslfi, 18 and 20 andalso betweenthe-subconductors17,19 and 21 without theex- "cessivejfriction;fraying and breakage of 'the wirestrands which occurswithout such protection. 'yThe perforations .9 eveni ):i jthe'shs h. r'i ck t are-0f a s f V the casing-1:1.

l n t n or sm lster roh t o s n m d t a .4 ciently large size to provide for the free passage of the cooling water therethrough.

Although three subconductors have been shown as making up each main conductor 14 or 15, it will be understood that a greater or lesser number may also be employed. Three such subconductors have been found a convenient number because..the-resulting main conductor 14 or 15 thereby possesses a shape of approximately semicircular cross-section available for eachmain conductor between the-separator lziandinne'r wallor zbore 1-3;,of 'xThesepa'rator .12, is of 5a form whi'ch-has been found convenient and efficient in such cables, ;-.and has enlarged orlthickened longitudinal edges 27 to still further separate the opposingsubconductors and thereby still further reduce-thepossibility-ofshort-circuiting by or between strands which make their way past the edges of the separator 12.

i a t a Pr i e mqrsors rv thasb snz faund 99 msii to t i th sa .wind a a who e 1 ener d si natss fi i -1, in alsns d n di ection. 1

intervals, such as approximately every 9 inches to impart further flexibility tothe cable lil and likewise to further reduce the kic for. rrrutual repulsignbetween t m sa w d q rsxlmm he awsld a .m :Ih pp ox mate sism zs la srqs zss ii l haP. 0 65 1 m in conductor 14 0s 15, with its thin at eparato 1 i Qfan e ect t qn ri ig which. his? ,sreat y re uce su h utua x nu s q s -lsi k- .T a rpss t -s t s th i. d n-si ataslt e tsiifi so called cable heads or terminaisfwhich formtca-nvenient points of connection for the melding transformer and sl n unr pest r y .w s he withih wsfisswa q lin use fo supp ying th ce ng-wat Su hsabl h a o temun sfs m 'sa tp hep e vesting but a t p ca sa l hea Whish ass isredth 9 enema q siu usai th au qbi eimlu tw d oth ind tri emp oyinss p Wei s ns We ing guns is shown in the"" l'refer cl' llnit d Statesjifiatent 25 4 7 76 Ap 18, @5 21 su sshlqhw themain conductorslsand 15' are connected to the opposite portions in any suitable way, such asby{cen1- pressing between socket walls, assisted by silversoldering or other securingoperations of a similar character.

in the operation of the welding cable shown inFigs.

.1 and 2, let it; be assumed for purposes of illustratiqnthat the spot welding apparatus is being employed 'ppoma vehicleassembly'line -such as in an automobileor rail way car body factory. The welding transformer is placed beside the assembly line, and the; workman carries the welding gun from one part to another of the body-being fabricated,; making welds inthe different -loeations-necessary. Every time he flexesthe cable 1%) in carry-ing 'the welding gun from one;positiomtoanotherandalso every time hemakes a weldthe subconductors 16-18---20 and 17-49-41 slide-lengthwise relatively to oneanother" as a result of the-electromagnetic and mechanicabaction explained above. The cooling water which rneanwhil'c is flowing through the coolingwater -eondnits :22. and 2.4 escapes betweenthe springcon-volutions forming the coulduits into the :ha-lf -charnbers 31 and fiz into which: the

separator'lz dividesthe bore 13 of the casing li-end cools the strands of wire ofwhiehthesubconductors are made up. Since: the sheaths 26 of abrasionnesistant material such as rubber or plastic are loosely assembled :on: the

. subconductors 16and17'and' act tomainta-inthesubennductors out of direct contact, the friction and consequent fraying or strand breakage is reduced to a minimum.

This minimum is far below the breakage v iorrner-ly-- experienced withoutsuch aprotective jacket or sheath, -.and results ina greatlyincreased workinglife for the-cable. Meanwhile, due to the perforated character of the sheaths or jackets 26-andthe loose assembly thereof on the subconductors, the-cooling water-within the half chambers 31 and 32 freely circulates between the strands-ofthe subconductors 16 to 21 inclusive; passing through the perforations 75 in the jackets or sheaths 26 and around the encased subconductors 16 and 17. The perforations 75 are of a sufliciently large size to provide for the cooling of the subconductors 16 and 17 by direct contact there of with the cooling fluid. However, the perforations 75 are also small enough to prevent direct metal to metal contact of the subconductors 16 and 17 and the subconductors on opposite sides thereof.

The welding cable, generally designated 40, shown in Fig. 3, is similar in general construction to the welding cable shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and similar parts are similarly designated with reference numerals. In the welding cable 40, however, the lateral or side subconductors 18 and 20 of the main conductor 14 and those 19 and 21 of the main conductor 15 are also loosely encased in perforated abrasion-resistant jackets or sheaths 26 of the same construction and having the same properties as the jackets 26 in Fig. l. The mode of operation of the welding cable 40 of Fig. 3 is substantially the same as that of Fig. l, with the exception that the abrasion between the subconductors is prevented by the sheathing of all of the subconductors. The same protection results, however, and due to the perforated construction of the jackets 26, the cooling water can also circulate freely.

The welding cable 50 shown in Fig. 4 is generally similar to the welding cable 10 shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the only difference being that the main conductor 14 is enclosed in a tubular separator 51 of elastic deformable material instead of the use of a strip separator 12, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. The central subconductors 16 and 17 of each main conductor 14 and 15 are encased in the perforated jacket or sheath 26 hitherto described, but direct communication between the interior of the tubular separator -1 and the casing bore 13 is prevented so that cooling water cannot pass between them. Due to the closed construction of the tubular separator 51, moreover, no wandering strands of wire from the subconductors 16, 18 or 20 within the tubular separator 51 can escape from or project from the latter, hence no short-circuiting can occur by contact thereof with strands from the subconductors 17, 19 or 21. Otherwise, the mode of operation of the welding cable 50 of Fig. 4 is substantially the same as that of Fig. 2, and no repetition is therefore necessary.

The welding cable, generally designated 60, shown in Fig. 5 is generally similar to the welding cable shown in Fig. 3, in that all of the subconductors of each main conductor 14 or 15 are encased in the abrasion-resistant jackets or sheaths 26, but, as in Fig. 4, a tubular separator 51 is employed rather than the strip separator 12 of Fig. 3. The advantages of the welding cable 60 and its mode of. operation are similar to those of Fig. 1, with the individual advantages of the tubular separator 51 the same as described above in connection with Fig. 4, hence require no repetition.

It is to be understood also that similar results are obtainable by providing sleeves or jackets 26 for only the side subconductors 18, 20, 19 and 21, with the central subconductors 16 and 17 being open. Such a construction is shown in Fig. 6 with a flat separator 12, and in Fig. 7 with a tubular separator, 51.

Where all of the subconductors are provided with sleeves 26 formed of an insulating material, the separator may be omitted if desired, and the same is true if the sleeves or sheaths are employed on all but one of the subconductors. Fig. 8 shows such sheaths, 26, on all of the subconductors. In such cases, the sleeves 26 act to effectively prevent contact of subconductors of opposite polarity, the holes or interstices in the sleeves being of course small enough to prevent the strands of wires of opposite polarity from touching, even when they are moved toward each other by the induced magnetic effect. Also, in such cases, a single fluid conduit, as 22a, may be substituted for the pair of conduits 22 and 24 of the previously illustrated embodiments, the conduit preferably being formed of a wire helix with the convolutions spaced from one another, but close enough to perform the filtering action above described.

Although the invention has been described with respect to preferred embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that it is not to be so limited, since changes can be made therein which are within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

l. A flexible liquid-cooled electric welding cable comprising a tubular casing of flexible insulating material having a bore therethrough, an elongated separator of flexible insulating material disposed lengthwise in said bore, said separator extending transversely across said bore and dividing said bore into a plurality of longitudinally-extending liquid-conveying electric conductor compartments separated laterally from one another, a flexible main electrical conductor disposed in each compartment and extending lengthwise of said casing, each main conductor including a plurality of subconductors, each subconductor being composed of a multiplicity of looselypacked hairlike individual wires, and a liquid-pervious layer of smooth flexible slippery abrasion-resistant material disposed on the exterior of at least one subconductor of each main conductor and effecting flow of cooling liquid thereto from the respective liquid-conveying compartment thereof.

2. A flexible liquid-cooled electric welding cable comprising a tubular casing of flexible insulating material having a bore therethrough, an elongated separator 0f flexible insulating material disposed lengthwise in said bore, said separator extending transversely across said bore and dividing said bore into a plurality of longitudinally-extending liquid-conveying electric conductor compartments separated laterally from one another, a flexible main electrical conductor disposed in each compartment and extending lengthwise of said casing, each main conductor including a plurality of subconductors, each subconductor being composed of a multiplicity of looselypacked hairlike individual wires, and a liquid-pervious layer of smooth flexible slippery abrasion-resistant materior disposed on the exterior of at least one subconductor of each main conductor and effecting flow of cooling liquid thereto from the respective liquid-conveying compartment thereof, said layer having a multiplicity of holes therethrough for circulation of cooling liquid.

3. A flexible liquid-cooled electric welding cable comprising a tubular casing of flexible insulating material having a bore therethrough, an elongated separator of flexible insulating material disposed lengthwise in said subconductor being composed of a multiplicity of looselypacked hairlike individual wires, and a loosely woven liquid-pervious jacket of smooth flexible slippery abrasionresistant material disposed on the exterior of at least one subconductor of each main conductor and effecting flow of cooling liquid thereto from the respective liquid-conveying compartment thereof.

bore and dividing said bore into a plurality of longitudinally-extending liquid-conveying electric conductor compartments separated laterally from one another, a flexible main electrical conductor disposed in each compartment and extending lengthwise of said casing, each main conductor including a pluralityof subconductors, each -S.nbc nd c.tor being composed Digit multiplicityof looselypacked hairlike individual wires, land -:a loosely-woven liquid-pervious iacketof smooth flexible slippery abrasionresistantimaterial disposed on the exterior of at leastone subconcluctor of each main conductor and eflfecting fiow -,of,,cooling'liquidthereto from the respective liquid-con- -yeying compartment thereof, said jacket extending, substantially the entire length of its respective subconductor.

5. A flexible liquid-cooled electric welding cable comprising ,a tubular casing of flexible .insulatingrnaterial hayingabore therethrough, an elongated separator of {tiexible insulating material disposed lengthwise in said =bore, said. separator extending-transversely ,across ,said bore and dividing ,said bore into a plurality of longi- -.tudinal1y-extending liquid-conveymg electric conductor -,eompar trnent sseparatedlaterallyirom oneanother, a flex- --,i ble -n ain electrieal conductor disposed in each compartment ,and conduetor including .a plurality ,of' subconductors, each ,subconductor being composed of amultiplicity of'looselypacked 'hairlike extending lengthwiseoftsaid casing, each main individual ,wires, 'andfia loosely-woyen Jiquidpervious jacket, of smoothflexible slippery abrasion- .resistant nylon material disposed on-the exterior of at least one subconductor of each main conductor and etf ecting flow ofpoolingliquidthereto from the respective liquid-conveying compartment thereof.

" 6. A flexible liquid-cooled electrieweldingjcable compjr ising a tubular casing of flexible insulating material j trying-abort: therethrough arielongated separator of exible-; insulating matenaldisposed lengthwise in said ore, sa id separator extending transversely ,across said ore and dividing said bore into a plurality of longi- YtudinalW-extending liquid-conveying electric conductor compartments separated laterally from one another, a

flexible main electrical; conductor disposed ineach, compartment and extending lengthwise ofsaid casing, each main c nductor including three subconductorsjeach subconductor being composed ofa multiplicity of looselymaske '.1 r1ik ;1nd idt a ir an q d-p i ,layervof smooth flexible slippery ,abrasion-resistant,material l isposed on the exterior .of' at least one subcon- .,ducte .o ts hm in Qndl1 9rs ds c fl w, of c oling liquid thereto rr orn the respective liquid-conveying compartment thereof.

fle l u oo e ;e sq r owcl ins ahI sQmprising a tubular casing of flexible insulating material havii'1g,,a ,bore therethrough, anelongated separator of i b nsula i m r a id pose en hw i S i th r sai S p r to exte di raz s el e c.rds s i ;bore.and dividing said bore into a plurality of longi tudinally-extending liquidfconveying electric conductor compartments separated laterally fromrone another, a flexible main electrical conductor disposed in eachr corn- ,Pflrtment and extending lengthwise of saidcasing, each main conductorincluding three subconductors, each sub- 1 conductor being composed ref, a multiplicity of looselypacked hairlike individual wires, and aliquid-pervious layerof smooth-flexible slippery abrasion-resistant rnaterial disposed on the exterior of the central subconductor of each main conductor and efiecting flow of cooling 7 liquid thereto from the respective liquid-conveying com- .,Partme t h e f- 8.;Ajflexible liquid cooled electricwelding cablecomprising a tubular casing offlexible insulating material hav ng a bore therethrough, an elongatedpseparator of flexible insulating material disposed lengthwise in said @bore, said separator extending transversely across-,lsaid ,bore and dividing said bore into, a pluralityof longitudinally-extending liquid-conveying electric conductor compartments separated laterallyfrom one another, a,flexible mam electrical conductor disposed in each compartment "and extending lengthwise, of said casing, each rnain con- -rnain condu'ctorincluding aplurality of ,flexiblesubconwhereby liquid may sheathing means and into and out of engagement with sheaths .formed of surrounding and loosely encasing each ductors, said conductors and subconductors being isolated from oneanother only by said including a hollow flexible adapted to conduct current of opposite polarity, each casing and the sheathing means functioning ductor including three subconductors, each subconductor being composed of a multiplicity of loosely-packed hair like individual wires, and a liquid-pervious layer of srno oth flexible slippery abrasion-resistant material disposed on .the exterior of the outboard pair of subconductors of each mainctuidutztor and efi'ecting flow of cooling liquid theretofrom the respective liquid-conveying compart ment thereof.

including a; hollow flexible liquid-tight outer casing ,and a pair of stranded flexible main conductors therein adapted to conduct current of opposite polarity, each main con ductor beingformed of a plurality of stranded subconductors, a thin, 15. a suificien't number contact between conductors of-opposite polarity, said sheathing means beingIformed of insulating material havinglow'frictional characteristics, said conductors and 20 tionalareaof the flexible, liquid-pervious sheathing means individually surrounding and loosely encasing at least of said subconductors to prevent -,.a plurality ,of ,stranded Iflexible main conductors therein adapted, tovconduct current of opposite polarity, each main conductor includinga plurality of flexible subconductors, and a plurality of thin, flexible, liquid-pervious sheaths formed of insulating material having'low;frictionalchaiact'eristics, one such sheath surrounding, and looselyem casing eachof said subconductors.

11. In afiexible, liquid-cooled electric welding cable including .a hollo-wlflexible liquid-tight outer casing and a plurality of stranded flexible main conductors therein adapted to conduct current of opposite polarity, each ductors, anda plurality of thin, flexible, liquid-peryious foraminous plastic insulating material having low frictional characteristics, one suchsheat-h of said subconsheaths.

l2. In aifiexible, liquid-cooled electric welding cable liquid-tight outer casing. and aplur'ality of strandedflexible main conductorstherein main conductor including a plurality of a thin,, flexible subconductors, and flexible, liquidrpervious I sheathing means formed of insulating material having low frictional characteristics and having sheathing portions individually surrounding and loosely encasing each of at least all but one of said subconductors in each main conducto'n said conductors and sheathing means occupying less thanjthe full cross-sectional area of the vhollow interior of the to prevent rubbing of the subconductors against 'oneianother.

:References Cited in; the file of, this patent Uter ne-STATES I rA'r NTs 306,031 Tur er ris /pt, sot ss t 1,717Q26l .Reeder Lu." 'June 1 1l,i929 2,050,990 Atkinson a A ug.111,1936

, 2,691,691 iwrer e' n nug opt. 1 2,. 1954 FOREIGN PATENTS Pra P s- 3 9. In a flexible, liquid-cooled electric welding cable UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATION OF CORRECTION Patent No. 2,939,902 June 7, 1960 John S. Wreford It is hereby certified that error appears in the above numbered patent requiring correction and that the said Letters Patent should read as corrected below.

Column 8, line 52, strike out "a thin, and insert the same before "flexible", in line 53, same column.

Signed and sealed this 25th day of April 1961.

(SEAL) Attestz- ERNEST W. SWIDER DAVID L. LADD Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents 

